Sickle cell disease (SCD), one of the most prevalent genetic disorders worldwide, is associated with retinal vascular abnormalities leading to occlusion of peripheral retinal vascularization, secondary ischemia, and neovascularization. The present study aimed to characterize the presence of subclinical sickle cell neuropathy (SCN) and to identify genetic, clinical, and biological risk factors of optic nerve thinning.
Name
Analyse du nerf optique en OCT BMO RNFL GCC dans la drépanocytose : identification des facteurs de risques génétiques, cliniques et biologiques associés à l’amincissement du nerf optique
Name
Analyse du nerf optique en OCT BMO RNFL GCC dans la drépanocytose : identification des facteurs de risques génétiques, cliniques et biologiques associés à l’amincissement du nerf optique
Orateurs :
Mr Medhi SIAB
Résumé
Introduction
Matériels et Méthodes
In this monocentric observational cross-sectional study, 184 eyes of 95 adult SCD non glaucomatous patients (59 HbSS and 36 HbSC) as well as 40 eyes of 20 adult controls underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), optical coherence tomography-Bruch membrane opening, (OCT-BMO), optical coherence tomography-retinal nerve fiber layer (OCT-RNFL) and optical coherence tomography ganglion complex cells (OCT-GCC) to assess optic nerve thinning. OCT-BMO, RNFL and GCC were performed in patients with proliferative and non-proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSCR and NPSCR, respectively) according to the Goldberg classification. Clinical, genetic, and biological data of SCD patients were collected to identify potential associations with optic nerve thinning.
Résultats
Compared to controls, optic nerve thickness was significantly lower in SCD patients. Optic nerve thinning was significantly higher in HbSS compared to HbSC patients and was significantly higher in patients with PSCR. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and lactate dehydrogenase levels correlated with optic nerve thinning in SS patients.
Discussion
We hypothesized the presence of subclinical SCN. In this study, we found significant optic disc thinning in the peripapillary BMO RNFL and GCC in SCD patients compared to controls
Conclusion
In the present report, we described a subclinical SCN by OCT BMO RNFL and GCC in non-glaucomatous SCD patients and found that optic nerve thinning was associated with the degree of anemia and hemolysis.